Episode XII

Cyclops

I was just passing the time of day with old Troy of the D. M. P.

5:00 PM, Barney Kiernan's pub. Style: Gigantism / parody.

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Illustration for Cyclops

Summary

An unnamed cynic narrates Bloom's run-in with a violent nationalist known as the Citizen, interrupted by grand parodies. It ends with a thrown biscuit tin.

  1. 1

    The narrator

    An unnamed Dublin debt-collector narrates the whole chapter in cynical pub-talk. Every few pages his telling is interrupted by a 'gigantic' parody in another voice — legalese, mock-saga, news report, parliamentary debate.

  2. 2

    At Barney Kiernan's

    The narrator joins Joe Hynes and others at Barney Kiernan's pub, where the Citizen — a one-eyed, beery nationalist with a mangy dog called Garryowen — is holding court.

  3. 3

    Bloom waits for Cunningham

    Bloom turns up, sober and out of place, to meet Martin Cunningham about money for Dignam's widow. The Citizen takes against him immediately as a foreigner and a Jew.

  4. 4

    The argument

    Bloom is drawn into a debate about nation and force; he answers, mildly and devastatingly, that what he calls love is the opposite of hatred — and reminds the room that Christ was a Jew like himself.

  5. 5

    The biscuit-tin Ascension

    Cunningham bundles Bloom into a carriage as the Citizen rushes out swearing and hurls a Jacob's biscuit tin after them. In the parody voice, Bloom is then carried up to heaven in a chariot of fire.

Gabler lines 12.1–1918

How Cyclops unfolds, scene by scene

This is a map, not a recap. Cyclops is told by an unnamed Dublin debt-collector in Barney Kiernan's pub, with his sour narration constantly interrupted by enormous parodies. The map follows the drinking, the nationalist provocation, and Bloom's one public statement of what he believes.

  1. The nameless narrator arrives at the pub with Joe Hynes, meets the Citizen and his dog, and the drinking and grumbling begin.

    1. The narrator's voice

    lines 1–60

    An unnamed collector of bad debts opens with a near-miss from a sweep's brush and a grievance about a swindled Jew.

    Why it matters:The episode's eye is one-eyed from the first page: everything is filtered through malice.

    Notice:We never learn his name. Homer's Cyclops asks for one too, and is told “Noman.”

  2. 2. The Citizen and Garryowen

    lines 118–250

    The Citizen sits in the corner with his mangy dog, quoting grievances and spitting, and the first giant parody blows the scene up into epic catalogue.

    Why it matters:The technique is established: every inflated style is punctured by the narrator's next sentence.

  3. 3. Bloom arrives and does not drink

    lines 250–500

    Bloom comes looking for Martin Cunningham about the Dignam insurance, refuses a proper drink, and paces while he waits.

    Why it matters:Everything the room will hold against him — abstinence, caution, foreignness — is on show within a page.

  4. 4. Hanging, boxing, and Irish sport

  5. 5. The Citizen on empire

  6. 6. “A nation is the same people living in the same place.”

  7. 7. “Love, says Bloom. I mean the opposite of hatred.”

  8. 8. The Throwaway rumour

  9. 9. Elijah ascends

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The shape underneath

Cyclops runs gossip → provocation → declaration → assault → apotheosis, alternating a narrow, bitter first-person voice with thirty-odd gigantic parodies. Both scales are distortions; the truth sits in the plain sentences Bloom speaks between them. See the Homeric parallel below for the one-eyed giant behind the Citizen.

In modern prose

Five in the afternoon, in Barney Kiernan's pub, and for the first time the book is narrated by an actual character: an unnamed, sour, sponging Dublin drinker who tells us the story in pub-talk — cheap, vivid, mean. The dominant presence in the bar is the Citizen, a violent Irish nationalist with a mangy dog, holding forth on Ireland's historical wrongs and getting drunker and angrier. Bloom comes in looking for someone, refuses a drink, tries to be reasonable, and quietly tries to argue that a nation is just the people who happen to live in a place, that love is the opposite of hate, that he himself is as Irish as anyone in the room. The Citizen turns on him as a Jew, a foreigner, a sponger, a stranger; the mood swings from rough banter into real menace. Bloom leaves; the Citizen hurls an empty biscuit tin after the cab as it pulls away. The genius of the chapter is that the realistic, ugly pub scene keeps being interrupted by huge, mock-heroic parodies — legal documents, saints' lives, sports reports, parliamentary minutes — that inflate every petty moment into epic. It's the book's most direct portrait of nationalism turning toxic: the way a wounded country can produce a man who confuses cruelty with patriotism. Today it reads uncomfortably current.

Context and parallels

Homeric parallel

Cyclops

How Cyclops echoes the Odyssey

The Linati and Gilbert schemas

Scene
The Tavern
Hour
5:00 PM
Organ
Muscle
Art
Politics
Colour
—
Symbol
Fenian
Technic
Gigantism
Correspondence
Cyclops

Themes: Nationalism, Identity, Exile.

Project Gutenberg, public domain.

Guides, essays and Daily Companion days that go further into Cyclops.

Read Cyclops with the daily companion.

All 18 episodes of Joyce's own text, one short passage a day, with recaps, allusions explained and a way to catch up.